3D imaging

MIP is avolume visualization method for 3D data that projects in the visualization plane the voxels with maximum intensity that fall in the way of parallel rays traced from the viewpoint to the plane of projection. This implies that 2 MIP rendrings from opposite viewpoints are symmetrical images.

septal infarct

on the right 4 chamber view of the heart

picture on the left 2 chamber view of the heart

maximum intensity projections

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AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999 Apr;172(4):925-31.

Pancreaticoduodenal arcades and dorsal pancreatic artery: comparison of CT angiography with three-dimensional volume rendering, maximum intensity projection, and shaded-surface display.
Hong KC, Freeny PC.

Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, USA.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the ability of CT angiography to depict the pancreaticoduodenal arcades and the dorsal pancreatic artery using the techniques of three-dimensional (3D) volume rendering, maximum intensity projection (MIP), and shaded-surface display (SSD). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients were selected at random from a group of 42 patients undergoing arterial-phase helical CT angiography before liver transplantation. CT angiograms were constructed from identical data sets using 3D volume rendering, MIP, and SSD. RESULTS: Seventy-two vessels were evaluated in 27 patients. Three-dimensional volume rendering depicted 24 anterior and 22 posterior arcades and 26 dorsal pancreatic arteries; combined MIP and SSD depicted 14 anterior and 13 posterior arcades and 19 dorsal pancreatic arteries. Thirty vessels with diameters of between 2 and 3 mm were well seen with 3D volume rendering but were incompletely depicted with MIP and SSD. Sixteen vessels with diameters of greater than 3 mm were well seen using all three techniques. Twenty-six vessels with diameters of less than 2 mm were faintly seen with 3D volume rendering but were unidentifiable with MIP and SSD. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional volume rendering is superior to MIP and SSD in the depiction of pancreaticoduodenal arcades and dorsal pancreatic arteries. Unlike the other rendering techniques, 3D volume rendering can also show relationships between these vessels and pancreatic parenchyma and adjacent structures.

PMID: 10587122 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]


Publication Types, MeSH Terms

sagital brain

brain

It is a abeautiful rainbow of brain

Lung Image MIP

Lung imaging, HASTE pulse sequence.

Brain Maximum Intensity Projection

This is an image, MRI coronal brain, maximum intesity projection.

mip connectivity technique

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Maximum Intensity Projection Technique

The connectivity algorithm starts with picking a surface value and seed point as input. The next subsequent step is to find out and mark out those points which lie on the surface of our interest. In the construction of surface step, this method only considers those marked points [8]. This 3D reconstruction technique includes the procedure shown in figure 5.



Figure 5: MIP Connectivity Technique






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Connectivity and Surface Extraction
Surface Construction
Display
Accuracy of the MIP Technique

hvr

The SVI-wiki is a rapidly expanding public knowledge resource on 3D microscopy, image restoration (deconvolution), visualization and analysis. Based on the wiki principle, it is open to contributions from every visitor. In addition it serves as a support medium for users of SVI's Huygens Software. For this, different levels of privacy exist. Feel free to contribute and to contact SVI in case of any doubt or problem.

News

ct lateral foot

Maximum Intensity Projection

Rendering using Maximum Intensity Projection
Is a 3D rendering technique that is achieved by evaluating each voxel value along a line from the observer’s eyes through the object and then sampling only the highest value as the display value. It is achieved by displaying only the highest attenuation values from the data encountered along a ray projected through the dataset to the observer’s eyes.
In clinical practice, it is extremely useful for evaluating high ‘contrast’ radio-opaque substances. For instance, it can be utilized to evaluate the form and extent of the endodontic filling material in root canal treatment or it can also be utilized to evaluate the presence or absence of a foreign body material in osseous and/or soft tissue structures. It is best used when the objects to be investigated are the ‘brightest‘ objects in the image.
However, MIP ability to represent anatomical spatial interrelations is rather limited because of lack of the visual cues for depth perception. It has a tendency to misrepresent positions because the projection technique doesn’t take spatial location into calculation, only the maximal or (most attenuated) value is displayed. For the same reason, structures of sub-maximal attenuation along the projection line are obscured which may lead to sub-optimal interpretation results. In such a case, other 3D projection techniques in conjunction with MPR projections can be employed to enhance the interpretation process.

3D Images

3D CT images from PACS integration system

Image of Abdominal Skeleton

Image of Abdominal Skeleton in PACS integration system

mip mesentric ischemia

Images in a 58-year-old man with mesenteric ischemia. (a) Anteroposterior conventional angiogram shows moderate (estimated as 60%) stenosis (black arrow) in the right renal artery and mild (estimated as 40%) stenosis (white arrow) in the left renal artery. (b) Coronal MIP image shows hyperattenuating calcification (arrow) in the origin of the left renal artery that was overestimated by both MIP readers as stenosis greater than 70%. (c) Coronal VR image (posterior projection) was edited with a clip plane to remove a portion of the hyperattenuating calcification (arrow) in the left renal artery. Stenosis was correctly categorized by one VR reader as mild and was overestimated by the other as greater than 70%.

mip

MIP image of tenal arteries.high resolution, more detail.

infantile haemangioma

I am trying my best to give a name to this image.

knees

a very funny guy. created a very funny movie.

ct chest

you see the lungs, you see the heart, you see the spine. you see the shoulders.

coronal chest

axial ct image of the spine

coronal view of c spine

here we see carotid arteries and jugular veins and the circle of willis.

lat foot

ct image of c spine

Boats and bridges

what a bridge

.it is a beautiful bridge

axial mri of the brain

axial ct image of chest

axial ct image of the chest with contrast

CT axial image of abdomen with contrast, you see the right kidney.

CT Images

CT Image of the abdomen

spiral ct
This photo simulates the path that the x-ray beam makes as spiral CT data acquisition of the abdomen is being made. The highlighted area is a man's stomach (man is lying on his back with his arms over his head).
In all original CT scanners (1974 to 1987), the x-ray power was transferred to the x-ray tube using high voltage cables wrapped around an elaborate set of rotating drums and pulleys. The rotating frame (or gantry) would spin 3600 in one direction and make an image (or a slice), and then spin 3600 back in the other direction to make a second slice. In between each slice, the gantry would come to a complete stop and then reverse directions while the patient table would be moved forward by an increment equal to the slice thickness.
The interactive T2 weighted image series shows the skull base starting at the cranial base. The sequence is strong T2 weighted in order to obtain very high contrast between cerebro spinal fluid (CSF), nerves, vessels and temporal bone. The 3D pulse sequences with thin slices is tailored to the assessment of brain nerves (e.g. cochlear nerve, facial nerve) as well as the fluid filled inner ear structures, e.g. cochlea, vestibule. The 3D data set with high spatial resolution also allows multiplanar reconstruction in all planes

computorized imaging

Iwish Iwould know better. This material is interesting but also confusing.